About off grid solar system

The principle of solar generator photovoltaic system Diagram in the daytime, under the light conditions, solar modules produce a certain amount of force is formed by series-parallel solar cell matrix components, making the square voltage reaches the system input voltage requirements. Through the charge controller to charge the battery, it will be converted from light energy stored up energy.

 

Evening batteries provide input power to the inverter, by the action of the inverter, the direct current into alternating current supplied to the power distribution cabinet, distribution cabinet by the switching action of the power supply. Discharge of the battery pack case is controlled by the controller to ensure that the normal use of the battery. PV power plant system also limited load protection and lightning protection devices to protect the system equipment from lightning and over-load operation, maintenance, use of safety system equipment. Solar energy  → electrical energy → light energy → chemical energy.

 

Part of the photovoltaic system is composed of square solar cells of off grid solar system, battery, charge controller, inverter, AC power distribution counters, automatic solar tracking system, automatic dust removal system, solar modules and other equipment. Its role is to various pieces of equipment: solar cell matrix in the presence of light (either sunlight or other light emitters generate light), the cells absorb light energy, different signs appear accumulated charge across the battery terminals, which produce photovoltage which is the" photovoltaic effect. " In the photovoltaic effect the role of force is generated at both ends of the solar cell, light energy is converted into electrical energy, energy conversion devices. Silicon solar cell is generally divided into single crystal silicon solar cells, polycrystalline silicon solar cells and amorphous silicon solar cell three. Its role is to store the battery pack power when the solar cell matrix issued by the light and are ready to supply the load.

The basic requirement for solar backup power are used:

a. Self-discharge rate

b. Long life

c. Strong deep discharge capability

d. High charging efficiency

e. Low-maintenance or maintenance-free

f. Wide operating temperature range

g. Low prices.

Our current batteries and solar power generation systems supporting the use of lead-acid batteries and are mainly nickel-cadmium batteries. Supporting more than 200Ah lead-acid batteries, generally used fixed or sealed lead-acid industrial batteries, each battery is rated at 2VDC; supporting the following 200Ah lead-acid batteries, generally used in small sealed maintenance-free lead-acid batteries, each only the rated battery voltage is 12VDC. Charge controller is able to automatically prevent battery overcharge and over-discharge device. Because of the battery charge and discharge cycles and the depth is an important factor in the decision to discharge the battery life, so they can control the battery overcharge or over-discharge charge controller is essential equipment. The inverter is a direct current into alternating current equipment. Since solar cells and batteries is a DC power supply and the load when the AC load, an inverter is necessary. The inverter according to operating mode can be divided into stand-alone inverters and grid inverter. Stand-alone inverters for solar power generation systems operate independently, as a separate load. Grid inverter for solar backup generator and network operation. The inverter output waveform can be divided by the square wave inverter and sine wave inverter. Square wave inverter circuit is simple, low cost, but large harmonic components, generally used for several hundred watts and less demanding on the harmonic system. Sine wave inverter high cost, but it can be applied to a variety of loads.

Inverter protection function:

a, Overload protection

b, Short circuit protection

c, Reverse protection

d, Undervoltage protection

e, Overvoltage protection

f, overheating protection

AC power distribution cabinet which is on standby inverter switching a major role in solar power kit off , to ensure the normal power supply system, as well as measurement of electrical energy on the line.

The difference of inverter between off grid solar system and grid solar system

The difference of inverter between off grid solar system and grid solar system isn’t very big. If we know about it, it is very good for choose the product of solar generator and considered after the safe operation of the grid and the grid.

The inverter of Off grid solar system input voltage is fixed, 12/24/48/110 / 220V, it needs to keep the battery charged and then reverse into alternating current; but the inverter of grid solar system has a wide voltage range input voltage 100V- 1000V, directly connected with the solar panels together; understanding of solar inverters of off grid solar power kits and grid-connected inverters difference, take a look at their features:

Features of PV off grid solar system inverter 

After the inverter of solar off grid kit leaving the grid can work independently, the equivalent of a small independent power grids, mainly to control their voltage is a voltage source. Available with resistive-capacitive and inductive motors and other loads, fast response interference, adaptability and practical, the power supply and emergency power supply of choice for outdoor power products.

The inverter of PV solar kit off grid is suitable for electric power systems, communication systems, railroad systems, shipping, hospitals, shopping malls, schools, outdoor and other places, access to electricity can trickle charge the battery, you can set the priority rife photovoltaic electricity reserve, or electricity priority scenery solar backup power.

Features of PV grid solar system inverter 

                       

The inverter of PV grid solar system need to be connected with the electricity grid, it doesn’t work off the grid, it is necessary to detect the output of the local power grid network and bring the case before the action. To power transmission grid due to be consistent when and net output in phase, frequency, voltage and power grids.

The inverter of PV grid solar system does not need storage, but the energy can’t control, how much electricity photovoltaic power line transmission go out how much electricity, like a small power plant.

Individuals to install solar power backup generator equipment considerations

In recent years, with the development of solar generator photovoltaic industry, more and more individuals began to try to install a solar power. So how individuals can install solar power equipment?

1、  Choose the right solar backup power installation address

In general, you should try to choose un place Southern and Northern Dynasties without any obstructed around, the installation of photovoltaic power grid solar system equipment. For example, single-family Tile rural residents, urban residents and attic villa residents more convenient to install rooftop solar power backup generator equipment. If the residential area, the procedure may be more cumbersome and require the entire unit or within BAN interested owners sign an agreement to install.

2、  Purchase of photovoltaic power solar off grid system equipment

When purchase the equipment of solar generator, first of all need to be considered the cost and the brand of national certification authority of large manufacturers of equipment to ensure the long-term use of photovoltaic power generation equipment (guaranteed for the use of 25 years). "Everyone kilowatt installed capacity costs about $ 10,000, The size of the installed capacity can be choosed. Typically, unless external damage, in general, will not be damaged Solar backup power components problems, post-maintenance is also very simple, just to clean up the dust of PV modules, to keep clean solar power components.

3、  Handling and network access procedures

Currently individuals around the net and handle the formalities are not complicated, just bring your ID card, and a copy of the original real estate license to the nearest power supply business Hall can apply.

Distributed PV tips
       

Distributed PV roof of the building was built in photovoltaic power generation projects. Especially the use of photovoltaic modules, solar energy storage directly into electricity distributed power generation system. It advocates the nearest electricity, the nearest grid nearest the conversion, using the principle of proximity, not only can effectively improve the power output of photovoltaic power plants of similar size, but also effectively solve the problem of power loss in the boost and long-distance transportation.

Enhance the solar generator capacity of photovoltaic power plants, I have a coup

Renewable energy is an important energy resource in meeting energy needs, change the energy structure, reduce environmental pollution and promote economic development plays an important role.

As one of the main representatives of renewable energy, solar generator photovoltaic power is by far the most ideal human new energy, renewable resources is the best, clean, low-carbon, environmental protection, no noise pollution and light pollution are characterized by other solar energy storage sources can’t match is an important part of the restructuring of the energy, the fight against global warming and haze powerful "weapon". PV policy from the "Golden Sun" to the distributed along the way, power stations of solar backup power has been a key measure of the value of energy saving, and investment income is directly linked to the value. How to get the best effect power generation has become the focus of everyone's attention.

PV solar generator operation and maintenance (O & M for short) is to ensure that the most direct and effective way of generating capacity, thereby shortening back this time and improve revenue generation. And many users never clean los solar panel comprehensive also not aware of its importance. Therefore, the surface area of the solar panels thick dust hinder part of the sunlight into the cells, reducing the generating capacity.

And hire some professional solar storage energy operation and maintenance service personnel about a week to complete the cleaning work 6400 assembly. After cleaning the glow component life, bright as new, with blue sky and reflect the same color. All panels after thorough cleansing, photovoltaic solar power backup generator  plant is expected to increase by about 10%, bringing environmental and economic benefits can’t be ignored!

Finally, it summarizes the considerations for solar backup generator panels cleaning of photovoltaic power plants:

1.    Must be cleaned to work under irradiation intensity is weak, it is recommended before and after sunrise or sunset period;

2.    Cleaning personnel should wear personal protective equipment, such as rubber gloves, to prevent accidents;

3.    You must use a neutral cleaning solution, do not use aggressive solvents or wipe the battery with a hard object;

4.    It’s strictly prohibited in high winds, heavy rain washing.

Advantages and disadvantages of solar generator

Maybe no everybody knows what solar generator is and what is the advantage and disadvantage? Now I will list some as below.

1.     Independent power supply, without any trouble of geographical restrictions, no fuel consumption, no mechanical moving parts, short construction period, size freely.

2.     Portable solar generator compares with thermal power, nuclear power, solar backup power does not cause environmental pollution, safe and reliable, no noise, green and beautiful, low failure rate, long life

3.     Easy disassembly, easy to move, low installation cost, can be easily combined with the building, no need to embed elevated transmission lines, can be removed when the long-distance cabling and engineering costs for the destruction of vegetation and the environment

4.     Widely used in various solar electric generator appliances, ideal for the power shortage, the areas without electricity family, country, grassland, mountains, islands, highways and other remote areas of electrical household appliances and lighting appliances

5.     Solar generator with a permanent, as long as there is sun, solar power backup generator can be an investment in long-term use.

6. Medium and small solar power systems can be simultaneously large to medium-sized power plant one million kilowatts, only for a small to use solar power group, which is unmatched by other power

7. The photoelectric conversion by means of the solar energy storage directly into electricity.

The disadvantage of solar generator

1. Although solar generator is huge, but it was too decentralized, open to large-scale use of solar energy storage must be set large pet collection and energy conversion equipment, the cost of solar off grid system is still too high, affecting the promotion.

2. Due to the Earth's rotation and climate, season and other reasons, a large solar power kit off grid change, instability, cause difficulties to the normal continuous use.

3. The current solar generator conversion efficiency is not high, need further material Hard high conversion rates.

Why all countries to encourage the development of photovoltaic solar generator?

Why more and more countries and businessmen crucial and investment photovoltaic solar energy generator? It can improve our present production environment pollution for us? And why is it more urgent?

Coal, oil, gas, water and nuclear energy is the source of these survival and development of human society, but according to statistics 45 years after the oil will be depleted natural gas would only last until around 2075, even up to the largest coal resources only mined 220 years. The most serious problem is that we are now seriously polluted ecological environment is the burning of coal, oil and other fossil fuels. there are several hundred thousand tons per year of harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions and make the earth produce significant greenhouse efficiency, causing global climate change, now appear all over the haze seriously affect our health.

Some may say that nuclear energy is clean, but can event of a nuclear leak, the consequences are equally serious, and the processing of nuclear waste has not yet been a reasonable solution.

In all of the new energy to the growing demands for new energy when solar energy storage stand out, more and more people's attention with clean,non-polluting and inexhaustible etc. advantage. 

Earth's surface each year accept the sun's radiation is often considerable 5.4 * 1024J, this data is equivalent to 1800 tons of standard coal, for 5% conversion rate into electrical energy, 40 times the annual generating capacity of 5600 watts per hour, worldwide energy consumption . therefore, solar power will become our dominant energy source. According to statistics, in 2100 solar energy will reach 68% share in the total energy mix. so solar backup power is very huge.

In addition to the use of photovoltaic power solar off grid system using renewable resources, but also has a wide distribution of resources, so easy to solve some areas restricted water resources problems, only local solar irradiation can be used. In addition photovoltaic and electricity in the same area large degree of convergence save remote transmission and distribution equipment costs.

Thus solar generator will have a huge significance for our future lives and our energy development, environmental protection plays a vital impact also.